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KMID : 1143420190120240793
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Public Health Weekly Report
2019 Volume.12 No. 24 p.793 ~ p.799
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Global trend in human immunodeficiency virus incidence
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Park Su-Jin
Wang Jin-Sook
Chung Yoon-Seok
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Abstract
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The assay for recent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can distinguish recent infection from long-standing HIV infection. This assay helps individuals who infected at early stage to initial treatment with optimal treatment effect and
prevention of HIV transmission to others. This assay can be used to investigate the level of HIV incidence in a country. The objective of this report is to introduce the global trends of HIV incidence. In the United States, the Centers for Disease
Control and prevention (CDC) developed an algorithm for telling recent HIV infection that termed serological testing algorithm for recent HIV sero-conversion (STARHS) in 1998. Currently, the incidence and prevalence data of HIV are reported according to age, epidemiological group, race and sexual behaviors by using the CD4 model, Stratified extrapolation approach, and Bayesian hierarchical model. In the United Kingdom, Public Health England has estimated the
incidence of HIV since 2008 by establishing a nationwide HIV surveillance project. This surveillance project has been
reporting the HIV incidence data in high-risk groups such as homosexual and bisexual men. In Korea the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) has been examining recent HIV infection rates annually since 2009, using the assay for recent HIV infection. As a result, the proportion of patients recently infected with HIV among newly diagnosed people with HIV in 2017 was 19.0%. The recent HIV infection rates of males and younger subjects (aged < 30 years) were higher than in other populations. The HIV incidence data is helpful in monitoring epidemiological characteristics, changes in infection patterns for HIV-infected populations, and can be used as basic data for national policy-making to prevent HIV
infection.
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KEYWORD
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HIV, Recent HIV Infection, Incidence, Prevalence
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